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ऐतिहासिक फैसला = हर निजी संपत्ति का अधिग्रहण नहीं कर सकती सरकार : सुप्रीम कोर्ट

ByGajendra Tripathi

Nov 5, 2024 #Judgment on Private Property, #Judgment on Private Property Acquisition, #Private Property, #Private Property Acquisition, #Supreme Court
Supreme Court

सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने कहा, “सभी निजी संपत्ति समुदाय के भौतिक संसाधन नहीं, कुछ निजी संपत्ति समुदाय के भौतिक संसाधन हो सकती हैं।” पीठ ने 8-1 के बहुमत से यह निर्णय सुनाया है।

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नई दिल्ली। सार्वजनिक हित के नाम पर निजी संपत्ति के मनमाने अधिग्रहण पर सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने पूर्ण विराम लगा दिया है। देश की सबसे बड़ी अदालत की 9 सदस्यीय पीठ ने मंगलवार को सुनाए गए ऐतिहासिक फैसले में कहा है कि सभी निजी संपत्तियों को सरकार नहीं ले सकती। सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने कहा, “सभी निजी संपत्ति समुदाय के भौतिक संसाधन नहीं, कुछ निजी संपत्ति समुदाय के भौतिक संसाधन हो सकती हैं।” पीठ ने 8-1 के बहुमत से यह निर्णय सुनाया है। शीर्ष अदालत ने 1978 के बाद के उन फैसलों को पलट दिया है जिनमें समाजवादी विषय को अपनाया गया था और कहा गया था कि सरकार आम भलाई के लिए सभी निजी संपत्तियों को अपने कब्जे में ले सकती है। फैसले में स्पष्ट तौर पर कहा गया है,  “सभी निजी संपत्तियां भौतिक संसाधन नहीं हैं और इसलिए सरकारों द्वारा इन पर कब्ज़ा नहीं किया जा सकता।“

सुप्रीम कोर्ट की इस पीठ में भारत के मुख्य न्यायाधीश (CJI) डी वाई चंद्रचूड़ के अलावा न्यायमूर्ति सतीश चंद्र शर्मा, न्यायमूर्ति मनोज मिश्रा, न्यायमूर्ति सुधांशु धूलिया, न्यायमूर्ति ऋषिकेश रॉय, न्यायमूर्ति बी वी नागरत्ना, न्यायमूर्ति जेबी पारदीवाला, न्यायमूर्ति राजेश बिंदल और न्यायमूर्ति एजी मसीह शामिल थे। सीजेआई ने 9 जजों की बेंच के बहुमत से फैसला सुनाते हुए न्यायमूर्ति कृष्णा अय्यर के पिछले फैसले को खारिज कर दिया जिसमें कहा गया था कि सभी निजी स्वामित्व वाले संसाधनों को राज्य द्वारा अधिगृहीत किया जा सकता है।

सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने कहा कि भारत की अर्थव्यवस्था का उद्देश्य विकासशील देश की चुनौतियों से निपटना है, ना कि किसी एक आर्थिक ढांचे में बंधे रहना। शीर्ष अदालत ने माना कि बीते 30 वर्षों में बदली हुई आर्थिक नीतियों के कारण भारत दुनिया की सबसे तेजी से बढ़ती अर्थव्यवस्था बना है। न्ययमूर्ति कृष्णा अय्यर के इस विचार से सुप्रीम कोर्ट सहमत नहीं है कि निजी संपत्ति को भी सामुदायिक संपत्ति माना जा सकता है। सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने साफ किया कि भारत की अर्थव्यवस्था का लक्ष्य किसी खास आर्थिक मॉडल को फॉलो करना नहीं है, बल्कि इसका उद्देश्य एक विकासशील देश होने के नाते आने वाली चुनौतियों का सामना करना है।

सीजेआई डीवाई चंद्रचूड़ ने बताया कि इस मामले में तीन फैसले हैं। उनका और छह अन्य जजों का, न्यायामूर्ति नागरत्ना का आंशिक सहमति वाला और न्यायामूर्ति धूलिया का असहमति वाला।

16 याचिकाओं पर सुनाया फैसला

सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने निजी संपत्ति से जुड़ी 16 याचिकाओं पर यह फैसला सुनाया है। इसमें मुंबई के प्रॉपर्टी मालिकों की याचिका भी शामिल है। मामला 1986 में महाराष्ट्र में हुए कानून संशोधन से जुड़ा है जिसमे सरकार को प्राइवेट बिल्डिंग को मरम्मत और सुरक्षा के लिए अपने कब्जे में लेने का अधिकार मिला था। याचिकाकर्ताओं का कहना है कि यह संशोधन भेदभावपूर्ण है।

By Gajendra Tripathi

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